Animal Testing For Cosmetic Products Essay - 2037 Words

Their lives matter too Despite bans on animal testing for cosmetic products in several countries, including India, Israel, Norway, the European union and mostly recently, New Zealand, the United states, Canada, and Australia are among the countries who have yet to ban this ethically wrong practice and allow it to occur. Animal testing can be dated back to the ancient times of the Greeks and Romans, but many people still believe that the old-fashioned practice of animal testing for cosmetics died years ago. Typically, animal tests for cosmetics include skin and eye irritation tests where chemicals are rubbed onto the shaved skin or dripped into the eyes of rabbits; repeated oral force-feeding. These tests can last for weeks or months while waiting for signs of general illness or health hazards. When considering the topic of animal testing, it draws attention from the government, general public, and of course, scientists. It has been an extremely contested moral issue for hundreds of years. In the 17th centu ry Rene Descartes, a French philosopher, argued that animals were no more than automata and could not feel pain. This was rejected by Jeremy Bentham in the 18th century who extended his utilitarian conception of rights to animals due to their capability to suffer. (Ethics, par.1) To put an end to this ethically wrong practice people need to be educated on the animals affected, the industries testing on animals, become aware of the alternatives, what people are doing toShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Animal Testing On Cosmetic Products2035 Words   |  9 Pagesherself. You want the best products possible used on your child because you don’t ever want someone you love to be harmed. First, you give her a bath using shampoo and body wash, then you moisturize her skin with lotion, next you spray her with scented body spray, and finally you paint your daughter s cute little nails with nail polish. Then all of a sudden your precious baby is now breaking out in hives and a rash. What did you do wrong? You assume that all the products you used were safe becauseRead MoreThe Dangers Of Testing Cosmetic Products On Animals1496 Words   |  6 Pagesbrands in beauty s billion dollar industry are still continuing to test products on animals. Based on prior knowledge, there are various companies that do not test on animals. While there are big brand companies that continue to test on animals, like mice and rabbits. The purpose of this research is to examine the dangers of testing cosmetic products on animals, along with examining possible effective and safe ways to test products. Gathering information through qualitative and quantitative data fromRead MoreCosmetic History And Facts About The Cosmetic Industry1731 Words   |  7 PagesThe cosmetic industry has become such an integral part of the human culture that it often goes on without notice. In the vast and various cultures across our planet cosmetics are used for multitudes of reasons from religious expression, c amouflage for soldiers in combat, Hollywood sets, to getting ready for a date. In our culture the use of makeup is almost a rite of passage into young adulthood for young girls and their mothers. The one question that almost no one ask when they open the make-upRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned909 Words   |  4 Pages One major dilemma that companies face today is animal testing. Many cosmetic companies still use animal testing in an immoral ways of testing products. Out of the major 5 companies that are still animal testing for cosmetics stated by one green planet unleash your green monster. Which is a special interest foundation to protect animal-rights. In a recent article by Pam Ryan â€Å"Hate animal cruelty? You should probably avoid these cosmetic brands† states that that Olay was number one on their list (PamRead MoreCosmetic Testing with Animals is Cruel Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesCruelty of Cosmetic Testing on Animals    Each year, thousands of animals are brutally tortured in laboratories, in the name of cosmetic research. A movement to ban animal testing for cosmetic purposes has been gaining popularity, with many companies hopping on the bandwagon against this research. New alternatives have been developed to eliminate the necessity to test on animals. This is only a small beginning of what is necessary to end these immoral acts. Animal testing in cosmetics is uselessRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Not A Recent Occurrence Essay1359 Words   |  6 PagesThe cosmetic industry is a multi-billion dollar industry worldwide, catering to both men and women. Cosmetics seem to be so pervasive that everywhere you look, you can find some sort of cosmetic advertisement or commercial. Considering this high demand for cosmetics, many companies strive to produce products that will satisfy the consumer. However, in order for some cosmetic companies to manufacture their products, testing is conducted in the expens e of animals. In the following report, we willRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned1547 Words   |  7 PagesThe Humane Society estimates thousands of animal deaths a year in the United States alone that are caused by cosmetic animal testing. Animals typically used in this specific type of testing are guinea pigs, rats, mice, and rabbits. Today, we have technology that can replace jobs yet, we still use primitive procedures that no longer cater the best to our current society. Cosmetic animal testing is not only harmful but it is also ineffective Animal testing is unethical and unnecessary, cruel and shouldRead MoreThe Fight Against Animal Testing1456 Words   |  6 PagesThe Fight Against Animal Testing in Cosmetics The makeup industry has flourished for as long as one can remember. The popularity of beauty bloggers, celebrity makeup lines, etc. have actually led to a record-breaking boost in makeup sales. Cosmetic brands have become more prominent, and makeup stores such as Sephora and Ulta continue to thrive. However, various demands must be met in order to keep up with the growing consumership, and one of the most controversial topics contributing to the successRead MoreAnimal Testing Proposal Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesMillions of animals are being unneedlessly tested on for cosmetics, even though there are plenty of alternatives available and most of the results are unreliable or not applicable to humans. Although the fight against animal testing has made huge progress recently, America has yet to stop this cruel practice and chooses to torture animals while other countries are making a stop to the testing (â€Å"Animal Testing 101†). Right now, millions of mice, rats, rabbits, primates, cats, dogs, and other animals are lockedRead MoreShould Animals Be Used for Research in the Cosmetic Industry?533 Words   |  3 PagesShould animals be used for research in cosmetic industry? Animal testing is widely used to develop new medicines and to test the safety of other products. These experiments can cause pain to the animals involved or reduce their quality of life in other ways. Animal experimenters are aware of this problem and agree that the testing should be made as humane as possible. While this practice has been followed for years now, some people still strongly believe that it is a cruel act and should be permanently

Feminist Ideas in Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights

Women’s rights have been a question greatly discussed for quite some time, and the debate is still continuing despite the possibilities offered to women today. Feminism nowadays has evolved into a movement in a number of directions, starting with women equality and ending with homosexuality. However, feminism originally is an ideology that is based on equal political, economic and social rights for women. Feminism theory deals with analysing women’s social roles and experiences in relation to gender inequality. Traces of this ideology are vastly represented and can be found in a number of literary works, as notable examples are novels written by female authors (the Brontà « sisters, Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot and others) during the Age†¦show more content†¦Nelly represents not only the power and wisdom of women, but also her compliance to dominance of men. ‘Nelly Dean is a manipulative creature who will go to considerable lengths to maintain the sta tus quo of male authority.’ (Whitley, 2000: xi) By adding this trait to Nelly’s character Brontà « reminds the reader of the order of the world. Even though the characters are fighting and representing women’s rights, they still do live in a man’s world – that is the novel’s connection with the reality. The character of Nelly is a great support to the statement of de Beauvoir (1949: 324): ‘At the present time, when women are beginning to take part in the affairs of the world, it is still a world that belongs to men – they have no doubt of it and women have scarcely any. To decline to be the Other, to refuse to be a party to the deal – this would be for women to renounce all the advantages conferred upon them by their alliance with the superior caste.’ All characters in the novel are living in a man’s world; nevertheless, the author has tried to change this world by the help of her characters. She shows a myriad of opportunities and different paths of life that woman can take, and more importantly she does not show a perfect world, where women get everything they want, she shows a world where woman do make mistakes, but at the same time they are the ones that pay for these mistakes and correct them. This novel is noteworthy for the fact thatShow MoreRelatedEmily Brontes Wuthering Heights: Mental Illness and Feminism915 Words   |  4 Pages Psychoanalytical View of Wuthering Heights Mental illness was viewed as being a self-inflicted disease during the time period Wuthering Heights was written in (Bloomfield 298). Many of the characters suffer from a form of mental illness, but not all of them can be seen as self-inflicted. Most of the illnesses are inflicted by the death of other characters. After Hindley’s wife dies in his arms, he becomes an alcoholic and foreshadows his own death due to his destructive behavior (Bloomfield 291)Read MoreMystery and Suspense in Gothic Novels758 Words   |  3 Pagesthe story enveloped omens or visions, supernatural or inexplicable events, overwrought emotion, women in distress, and a tyrannical male (Elements). Both Charlotte and Emily Bronte wrote gothic novels that used many of these characteristics, but their novels also transcended the boundaries of the genre. The novels Wuthering Heights and Jane Eyre follow the gothic tradition in regards to setting, atmosphere, and supernatural events. However, both novels bre ak from tradition in the matters of feminismRead MoreFeminism And The Social, Economic, And Political Equality Of The Sexes1619 Words   |  7 PagesWuthering Heights: Feminism Feminism, or â€Å"The belief in the social, economic, and political equality of the sexes.† (Elinor Burkett, Laura Brunell paragraph 1) was a very popular topic in Victorian fiction, and still is to this day with the first signs of feminist logic appearing in 3rd century BCE for the attempted appeal of women’s use of expensive goods, and continuing on to the present day third wave of feminism. Throughout history, women have been seen as objects and toys to men, in which willRead MoreFeminism And The Social, Economic, And Political Equality Of The Sexes1616 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism, or â€Å"The belief in the social, economic, and political equality of the sexes.† (Elinor Burkett, Laura Brunell paragraph 1) was a very popular topic in Victorian fiction, and still is to this day with the first signs of feminist logic appearing in 3rd century BCE for the attempted appeal of women’s use of expensive goods, and continuing on to the present day third wave of feminism. Throughout history, women have been seen as objects and toys to men, in which will never have equal rights norRead MoreWuthering Heights Alienism Essay1304 Words   |  6 PagesEconomic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1884, Marx claims that in a capitalist society, people value commodities more than human life as they are drawn into the belief that having more possessions leads to greater social status. Marx references the idea that everyone has the goal of driving others to â€Å"economic ruin† (Marx, 170) which suggests that humans have an innate greedy nature. By comparing the â€Å"quantity of objects† (Marx, 170) to â€Å"an extension of the realm of the alien powers,† (Marx, 170)Read MoreEssay on Wuthering Heights - Two Women, Two Sides of the Same Coin1270 Words   |  6 PagesJordan smith EGL120 Essay Student ID: 1051867 Word Count: â€Å"Identify and discuss various representations of woman in Wuthering Heights† The depictions of women in Wuthering Heights reveal that despair and happiness are direct outcomes of one’s decision to either be submissive to or oppose patriarchal constructs respectively. Catherine and Cathy II are portrayed as examples of both how giving power to patriarchal demands leads to misery and pain in contrast to how resisting patriarchalRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Bronte s Wuthering Heights Essay2188 Words   |  9 Pagesa part of life to them at the time. One such author is Emily Brontà «, a woman who never married. She and her sisters experienced many familial hardships and began writing at a young age, perhaps as a coping mechanism. With this in mind and assessing trials and events in her life, one cannot help but find uncanny parallels between the characters of her novels and the social turmoil she witnessed. At first glance, Brontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Wuthering Heights may seem to be the tragedy of two young lovers. HoweverRead MoreHow does Emily Bronte use Gothic elements to enhance the novel ‘Wuthering Heights’? Discuss how Daphne Du Maurier’s ‘Jamaica Inn’ illuminates this.2086 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿How does Emily Bronte use Gothic elements to enhance the novel ‘Wuthering Heights’? Discuss how Daphne Du Maurier’s ‘Jamaica Inn’ illuminates this. In the Victorian era we saw the revival of gothic literature; it fictionalised contemporary fears such as ethical degeneration, unmediated spiritual beliefs against a stern religious faith and also questioned the social structure of the time. Although written almost 100 years apart both Wuthering Heights and Jamaica Inn share many themes and componentsRead MoreThe Love and Hate in Wuthering Heights5240 Words   |  21 PagesThe Love and Hate in Wuthering Heights Shi Xueping Introduction Wuthering Heights, the great novel by Emily Bronte, though not inordinately long is an amalgamation of childhood fantasies, friendship, romance, and revenge. But this story is not a simple story of revenge, it has more profound implications. As Arnold Kettle, the English critic, said, Wuthering Heights is an expression in the imaginative  terms of art of the stresses and tensions and conflicts, personalRead MoreVictorian Novel9605 Words   |  39 PagesNOVEL SPIS TREÃ…Å¡CI INTRODUCTION 1 I THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NOVEL 2 II KEY AUTHORS 3 III KEY TEXTS 3 IV TOPICS 3 INTRODUCTION Many associate the word â€Å"Victorian† with images of over-dressed ladies and snooty gentlemen gathered in reading rooms. The idea of â€Å"manners† does sum up the social climate of middle-class England in the nineteenth century. However, if there is one transcending aspect to Victorian England life and society, that aspect is change. Nearly every institution of society was affected

Chanel free essay sample

French fashion icon Coco Chanel went from being a struggling hat maker to being one of the fashion worlds most recognizable names. (eHoW. com, 2013)In this essay, I am going to talk about the company named CHANEL. Company over view A woman named Gabrielle Coco Chanel was born in 1883 in France. In 1919, Coco Chanel owed her first couture shop in Paris, giving â€Å"Coco Chanel† a name for herself in the fashion world. In this year ‘Chanel’ is just a name of fashion brand. In 1971 Coco Chanel died at the age of 87. Following her death, German designer Karl Lagerfeld became the company’s head designer. Also in this year, a company named CHANEL was been built by him. Now Chanel is a privately held company it designs, manufactures and sells watches, fragrance, clothes and fashion accessories. The company operates in the Europe, Asia and the US. Chanel brings a new range of clothing and Jewish in fashion shows. We will write a custom essay sample on Chanel or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Chanel company analysis,2012) The designers use white and black skillfully to create different style of products. Chanel popularized a simpler yet incredibly chic style for women. The SWOT about Chanel Strengths Compared with other luxury brand, the products in Chanel is more extensive. Some of these are very popular in their domain. For example, the perfume named â€Å"Chanel No. 5† is well-liked by women. Chanel extends their brand’s popularity by advertisements and movies. It has great design group, everyone knows the company’s logo and its products’ high prices although the style and logo about Chanel is simple. Weakness There are about more than 1000 factories and hundreds of exclusive shop to manufacture and sell Chanel’s products in the world. The company has too much different group of employees and shops and it is hard for the management to control. What is more, Chanel makes products by different kinds of materials. The biggest weakness is that some materials are very hard to find, like crocodile, the resource about it is very rare. Opportunities Chanel is a fashion company. The major for this company is to make more and more products by the designer’s inspiration. So they could make new products by coming into contact with different and fresh things. It is to say that opportunities for a fashion company are in everywhere. Another opportunity is that Chanel can also make products for man. Mails are also a part of customers in our word. Treats For Chanel, a famous fashion company, the biggest risk is also designer’s inspiration. Not only for clothes handbag and jewels designed but also for the research on cosmetics. These years, Karl Lagerfeld the top designer in Chanel does not have too much break through in his works. Fashion changed every times, no one can forecast what will fashion like in future exactly. External analysis of Chanel (general environment) Women are the large rant of the customers in Chanel. Chanel solve their produces by using the form of boutiques. webcollage,2012 )This strategy can steadily reflects its top quality and unique features, and make customers feel their honorable status of service standards in the same time. All of this about Chanel is going to attracted customers in females. Women are always buying some thing because of the shop’s fantastic interior decoration or the good service. The most important thing is that, women are always yearning because of the unique charm of Chanel products. Its high prices let ordinary consumers prohibitive, but brand positioning become more and more elite. Chanel, 2012 )There is a fact that Chanel strengthened its weight of the most closely series products in order to attract more rich one to buy it. It is very common that people especially women in the society will never give up the pursuit of good things, and in their mind the more expensive the better. In many times having a handbag in Chanel or wearing clothes in this brand could win a lot of second glance. Certainly, a famous brand is not only based on the high pries but also its high quality. In this society customers pay more attention on the quality of the products. For example, haute couture is one of the most famous products n Chanel. Because of its high quality, many people are willing to spend their times to amend and fit on the clothes again and again, even it will c ost them a lot of money at the end. What is more, a large number of handbags in Chanel were made in individual workshop by the professional employees. The good services and delicately made help Chanel win a lot of customers and profit. External analysis of Chanel (competitive environment) This kind of external analysis of a company can be examined at five levels competitors, new entrants, and threat of substitutes, suppliers and customers. First of all, Chanel has a large number of competitors. The following companies like Levi Strauss amp; Co, Louis Vuitton SA and Prada are the major competitors of Chanel. (3Y,2012) Back to the nature, Chanel is just a company to sell bags clothes cosmetic and jewelry. There are many companies have the same characters in the world. They are all fashion companies. Inevitably, different brands are always having similar products, although fashion is a very complex word. Take LV for example, in 2012, LV designed a bag which is most likely to Chanel 2. 55, and the price is lower than it. For consumers, it provides more choice to chose, but for Chanel, it was bring a big challenge to hem. They have to increase the production rate and designer’s mind in order to attract buyer’s attention earlier than any other brand. Secondly, the emergence of the new fashion company is bringing some risks to Chanel. Most clearly, Valention a new luxury company from Italian have had a lot of improvement over the past year. This company is not only for bags but also popular in weeding dress. To be honest, women are always most interested in the new things. When something new was appeared in our eyes, the old brand would become more common. What is more, the threat of substitutes is playing a significant role. It is due to the fact that many small brand companies are going to sell the products in same style as Chanel and other fashion brands with good qualities but in lower price. For most people in the world, they are not willing to spend more than 10000 RMB to buy a bag. Their consumption view is very rational. It would happen that people could buy a bag which is most similar to the big brand with low price. It is not only a big risk for Chanel but also for any other big fashion brands to increase the client base. More over, the suppliers of Chanel are one of the most important events for this company to consider. The power of a supplier increases when there are few other sources of supply or the supplier has many other buyers. (Luis, David, 2012, P71) For example, in the past three years, the bag which is made of crocodile is very popular. As we all know, crocodiles are the first class national protected animals in the world, because it is very rare. Chanel tries to manufacture bags by the crocodiles. Unfortunately, it is very hard for the company to get this resources from suppliers, for instance, there are any other fashion companies want to get crocodiles to make products, and the suppliers are always could offer a little number of resources. Because of this, the cost about the bag is going to increase. It is hard for Chanel to get more profit by selling the bag. In order to solve this problem, Chanel are try to use PU a kind of material which looks more likely to crocodile. In this way, the company could save cost and increasing profits. Last but not least, the bargaining power of buyers is not very strong for Chanel. This kind of power increased when the number of customers in this company decreased. In term of the saleroom about Chanel in these years, this company must have a large number of customers that the power of buyers is very week. One example is that Chanel have to satisfy every require which customer needs if there is only one customer to buy their products. It is necessary for Chanel to improve their quality, serves and maybe to decrease their price. Conversely, in real life, Chanel has a large number of supporters. More clearly, if there are 100 customers to buy their bag, one of the customers is not satisfied with their serves; Chanel also has 99 customers to buy it. So, Chanel does not need to worry about the bargaining power of buyers. The internal environment analysis of Chanel Resource types and firm capabilities are tow main factors for a company of their internal environment. The inputs a firm uses to deliver products and services can be tangible resources and intangible resources. ( Luis, David, 2012, P73) Tangible resources is easy to qualified including financial resources and man power. China has been the fast growing luxury consumers in the world. In the year 2012, compare with the past year, the luxury goods saleroom increased 23%. This number has same meaning as 843 hundred million RMB. Chanel is for one-third of these luxury goods. Yidaba,2010) The most important is that China is one of Chanel’s markets, Chanel has its own flagship store all over the world. What we can image is that the profit about Chanel is uncountable. Different with some big company which have a large number of staff, Chanel only has about 2000 staff in their company include designers. Although Chanel does not have too many staff, every one is outstanding. The brand is now headed by German-born designer Karl Lagerfeld, who is famous and helps Chanel win a lot of applause. Many topping staffs like him are working for Chanel. The strong unman capital is also the intangible resources about Chanel. Producers and designers bring their own opinions and experiences to make the company grow well. The firm’s reputation is also a very important part in the intangible resources. Chanel is a well-know brand in our world during the young and the old. A lot of women crazy about it because of its high quality and good services. In customers’ eyes it is only right and proper for Chanel to have such high prices because of its reputation. In another aspect, the skills and abilities in doing work activities needed in its business are the capabilities of the company. Luis, David, 2012, P74) The success about Chanel No. 5 shows the great capabilities about Chanel. Chanel No. 5 is the first fragrance launched by Chanel. It cost about 5 years to research and development. Every stage is very rigorous include sampling concocting packaging advertising and selling. Conclusion Chanel might be regarded as one of the l eading fashion companies in the world, however, external forces such as technology, suppliers, bargaining power of customers, market demands and some new entrants could pose threats to its leading position. To respond to these threats, Chanel has to adopt sound management practices which include effective planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. It is advised that, Chanel could try to open up new market, for instance, manufacture products for men. In order to let the products become more diversified, Chanel could research and development perfume jewelry and clothes for men. In the other hand, fashion changed quickly. There for it is good for Chanel to interview new designers. Not only maintaining the classics style with black and white, but also break new ground based on it. It could let the company become more productive. One most important thing for this company is that to improving the power of management about planning and controlling. Although, hand tailor is very delicate, it well cost a lot of times to manufacture. For Chanel, might be able to use some new technology to develop the speed. More over, to controlling the market demands, Chanel could properly increased the price in every year. It could help them get more profit and show its products’ value in a good way. Reference The History of Coco Chanel. (n. d). Retrieved February 3, 2013, from http://www. ehow. com/about_4595780_history-coco-chanel. html#ixzz2JGTO3Hu0) Chanel company analysis. (n. d). Retrieved February 3, 2013, from http://wenku. baidu. com/view/a6bf073467ec102de2bd89e1. html Chanel Extends Online Beauty Tools To Retailers Worldwide Using Interactive Web Services Solution. (n. d). Retrieved February 1, 2013, from http://www. webcollage. com/about-us/press-releases/chanel-extends-online-beauty-tools-to-retailers-worldwide-using-interactive-web-services-solution/ Chanel. (n. d). Retrieved February 3, 2013, from ttp://wenku. baidu. com/view/17e4e086e53a580217fcfe04. html Chanel company analysis. (n. d). Retrieved February 3, 2013, from http://3y. uu456. com/bp-a6bf073467ec102de2bd89e1-1. html Luis,R. David, B. (2012). Management. Hagerstown: Congress Cataloging. Luis,R. David, B. (2012). Management. Hagerstown: Congress Cataloging. The Luxury Consumption Market In China. (n. d). Retrieved February 3, 2013, from http://industr y. yidaba. com/fzfzpg/201012/011241591007100100000205026. shtml Luis,R. David, B. (2012). Management. Hagerstown: Congress Cataloging.

Sex and Seduction in John Donne’s The Flea Essay Example

Sex and Seduction in John Donne’s The Flea Paper Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Sex and Seduction in John Donne’s The Flea specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sex and Seduction in John Donne’s The Flea specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sex and Seduction in John Donne’s The Flea specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Sex and Seduction in John Donne’s The Flea Artists and authors have often looked for different ways to represent topics in their work. This includes the use of symbolism and metaphorical language especially when they are discussing taboo topics, or topics that are controversial in their society. John Donne is one such artist, who spoke of sex and sexual matters in his poem, â€Å"The Flea.† The poem was one of the most provocative in its time. The poem has three stanzas, and in each of the stanzas, the author presents a different argument and line of thought. Donne wrote the poem in the seventeenth century, and matters of seduction and sexuality did not make for everyday conversation. John Donne’s poem is a seduction poem where the author uses persuasion, although not in the normal sense, to convince the woman to lose her virginity to her. In this poem, Donne uses the image of the flea to illustrate sex. The flea is symbolic, and Donne uses an animal that is able to explore his lover’s body, yet he is denied that access (Guibbory 58). The speaker expresses his desire for the woman, and he expresses how this desire has affected him. In the first stanza, the speaker says, â€Å"Yet this enjoys before it woo, and pampered, swells with one blood made of two.† This line expresses the speaker’s state of arousal for the woman (Guibbory 51). The speaker wants the woman to yield herself to him by engaging in premarital sex. Like in most cases, the man is asking for sex, and the woman does not want to do it. This compels the man to use all manner of techniques in order to woo the woman. However, unlike the modern and more conventional ways where a man will use things that appeal to a woman, the speaker chooses to use a flea. This seems insulting to women in general, but it does not dissuade the speaker, who continues to present the flea as innocent in all that is happening. The speaker does not seem to esteem sex or hold virginity highly by using the flea, a parasite. The speaker does not consider what the woman’s virginity means to her. In the second line, he tells her, â€Å"How little that which thou denies me.† He does not also believe that the woman’s excuse of honor is credible and believes that it is mere talk (Wiggins 140). The speaker appeals to the woman’s sense of reason by urging her not to consider societal opinion, but to give in to him. He does not consider any kind of relationship that he has with the woman. From the poem, it is clear that the society does not approve of premarital sex. This is seen in the second stanza, where the speaker says, â€Å"Though parents grudge, and you, we are met†, where the parents represent the society. During Donne’s time, sex before marriage was not condoned, and it was regarded as a sin. The speaker knows this well, and he tries to convince the woman that the flea represents their marriage bed. He knows that the woman places marriage highly, and he includes the idea of a marriage bed and a marriage temple when he is trying to woo her. He does not seem to believe that the woman believes in this tradition either, and this is seen where he adds, â€Å"and you† just after he speaks of their parents grudges. He only adds it as an aftertho ught. The speaker seems desperate in his attempt to convince the woman to engage in sex, that he even seems to lose his sense of reasoning. He tells the woman that no one would consider the blood mingling in the flea’s body sinful or shameful, nor would it be considered as loss of virginity. In the first stanza, he says, â€Å"Thou knowest that this cannot be said, a sin nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead.† This is indeed ironical considering that what the speaker means by blood mingling is the exchange of bodily fluids that will occur between them when they have sex. As usually happens sometimes, the woman does not give in to a man easily just because he is trying to seduce her. The woman in the poem ends up killing the flea, meaning that she does not see things the same way the speaker does. This alarms the speaker, who says that is a cruel act on her part. By doing this, the woman proves to the man that all his previous claims were wrong. The speaker had earlier claimed tha t killing the flea would result to the death of all of them. The woman proves that this is not the case when she kills the flea (Grimes). Works Cited: Grimes, S. Linda. John Donne’s The Flea. Oct 13 2008. Web. 3 May 2012. Guibbory, Achsah. The Cambridge Companion to John Donne. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 2006. Print Schulze, Daniela. John Donne – â€Å"The Flea† and Andrew Marvell – â€Å"To His Coy Mistress†: Metaphysical Poetry: Virginity, Sexuality and Seduction in Conceits. Germany: GRIN Verlag, Apr 12, 2008 Wiggins, D. Peter. Donne, Castiglione, and the Poetry of Courtliness. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2000. Print